Obesity and reproductive disorders in women.

D. Maksudova*^a (Mrs), K. Nasirova^a (Mrs), U. Mirzaeva^a (Mrs), S. Muminova^a (Mrs)

^a Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN

* dr.muminova@gmail.com

Currently, obesity is a serious health problem in all countries due to its spread and the development of significant health consequences associated with high morbidity and mortality. Some experts talk about the existence of an obesity epidemic [1]. According to WHO, approximately 1.5 billion adults in the world today are overweight. According to domestic studies, about 50% of the Russian population are overweight, and 30% are obese [2]. An increase in the proportion of people with overweight and obesity is observed everywhere and affects, among other things, women of reproductive age. According to WHO, by 2025, the incidence of obesity among the female population is expected to increase to 50% [3]. It has now been convincingly shown that an increase in body mass index and obesity are associated with the development of reproductive health disorders, which include menstrual irregularities, infertility, development of endometrial hyperplastic processes and obstacles to the use of assisted reproductive technologies [4, 5]. The predominant type of menstrual dysfunction is oligomenorrhea - in 60%, amenorrhea occurs in 29% of cases [6]. Metabolic disorders induced by obesity lead to the formation of insulin resistance, which underlies such endocrine-mediated pathological conditions as polycystic ovary syndrome [8], accompanied by oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism [9].

Conclusion. Obesity is obviously an additional factor negatively affecting fertility. However, the exact molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms that determine the relationship between obesity and reproductive dysfunction are still unknown. However, data obtained in animal experiments confirm the effect of obesity on all parts of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system.

The author has declared no conflict of interest.